【Explained】What Engine Does a BMW M4 Have? Complete Guide

The BMW M4 is powered by a 3.0-liter twin-turbocharged inline-six engine that has evolved through two distinct generations. Current 2025 models feature BMW’s S58 engine producing up to 543 horsepower, while earlier models (2014-2020) used the S55 engine with outputs ranging from 425 to 493 horsepower. Both powerplants represent the pinnacle of BMW M division engineering, combining forced induction technology with traditional inline-six smoothness to deliver exceptional performance that consistently exceeds BMW’s conservative power ratings on independent dyno tests.

BMW M4 Engine Overview & Quick Facts

Core Engine Configuration

The heart of every BMW M4 beats with Bavarian precision – a meticulously engineered inline-six that traces its DNA back to BMW’s racing heritage. According to Autvex automotive experts, this configuration has defined BMW’s performance identity for over five decades, and the modern M4 continues this tradition with cutting-edge technology.

When comparing BMW’s performance philosophy to competitors, the inline-six stands out for its perfect primary balance and distinctive sound character that V6 and V8 engines simply can’t replicate.

Essential Engine Architecture:

• Displacement: 3.0 liters (2,993cc for S58, 2,979cc for S55)
• Configuration: Inline-six with closed-deck aluminum block
• Forced Induction: Twin-turbochargers with integrated exhaust manifolds
• BMW M TwinPower Turbo: Combines direct injection, variable valve control, and twin-scroll turbos
• Cylinder Coating: Wire-arc-sprayed iron coating (0.3mm thickness)
• Cooling System: Three radiators plus dedicated oil cooler
• Redline: 7,200-7,500 rpm depending on generation

Current Generation Power Outputs (G82/G83)

The 2025 BMW M4 lineup showcases impressive power diversity, with recent dyno testing revealing BMW significantly underrates actual output^[1]. Real-world testing shows these engines often produce 40-60 horsepower more at the wheels than BMW’s conservative crank ratings suggest.

Model	Rated Power	Torque	Actual Dyno HP	Drivetrain
M4 (Manual)	473 hp @ 6,250 rpm	406 lb-ft @ 2,650 rpm	~510 whp	RWD
M4 Competition	503 hp @ 6,250 rpm	479 lb-ft @ 2,750 rpm	~530 whp	RWD
M4 Competition xDrive	523 hp @ 6,250 rpm	479 lb-ft @ 2,750 rpm	~550 whp	AWD
M4 CS	543 hp @ 6,250 rpm	479 lb-ft @ 2,750 rpm	~580 whp	AWD
M4 CSL	543 hp @ 6,250 rpm	479 lb-ft @ 2,750 rpm	~596 whp	RWD

Engine Code Evolution

BMW’s M division has developed two distinct engine generations for the M4, each representing significant technological leaps forward. Understanding these engine codes helps buyers navigate the used market and appreciate the engineering progression.

Development Timeline & Key Milestones:

• S55B30 (2014-2020): First turbocharged M3/M4 engine, controversial but revolutionary
• S58B30 (2021-present): Refined successor addressing all S55 weaknesses
• Both engines share BMW M’s commitment to high-revving character despite turbocharging
• Factory in Munich assembles each engine by hand with builder’s signature plaque

First Generation BMW M4 Engine (2014-2020)

S55B30 Engine Specifications

The S55 marked BMW M’s watershed moment – abandoning naturally aspirated engines for forced induction. This decision initially sparked outrage among purists who mourned the loss of the screaming V8, but the S55 quickly proved its worth with impressive performance and tuning potential that redefined what an M engine could be.

Detailed Technical Specifications:

Component	Specification	Engineering Notes
Displacement	2,979cc	Slightly undersquare design
Bore x Stroke	84.0mm x 89.6mm	Optimized for turbo response
Compression Ratio	10.2:1	Higher than typical turbo engines
Turbochargers	Twin mono-scroll	Quicker spool, less lag
Crankshaft	Forged steel	Motorsport-derived strength
Connecting Rods	Cast aluminum	Adequate for stock power
Maximum Boost	18.1 psi	Conservative from factory
Oil Capacity	7.5 quarts	Requires 0W-30 or 5W-30

Power & Performance Variants

Throughout its production run, BMW offered multiple S55 configurations, each targeting different buyer priorities. The evolution from base to GTS models showcased BMW’s ability to extract increasingly impressive performance from the same fundamental architecture.

Model-by-Model Power Progression:

Year/Model	Power	Torque	Production Numbers	Special Features
2014-2018 Base	425 hp	406 lb-ft	~30,000 units	Standard specification
2016+ Competition	444 hp	406 lb-ft	~15,000 units	Revised ECU, suspension
2018-2020 M4 CS	453 hp	443 lb-ft	2,200 units	OLED taillights, Cup 2 tires
2016 M4 GTS	493 hp	443 lb-ft	700 units	Water injection, roll cage

M4 GTS Water Injection System

The M4 GTS pioneered production car water injection technology, a system previously reserved for aircraft and race cars^[2]. This innovative approach allowed BMW to push the S55 beyond conventional limits while maintaining reliability – a lesson that influenced S58 development.

Water Injection System Components & Benefits:

• Boost Increase: Additional 5.8 psi over standard M4
• Temperature Reduction: Intake temps drop by 77°F (25°C)
• Tank Capacity: 5 liters in trunk-mounted reservoir
• Consumption Rate: Approximately 0.5 liters per 100km under hard driving
• Refill Interval: Every 1,100 miles under normal conditions
• Performance Gain: 68 hp increase over Competition Package
• Efficiency Benefit: Eliminates need for fuel enrichment cooling

Second Generation BMW M4 Engine (2021-Present)

S58B30 Engine Technical Details

The S58 represents BMW M’s response to every S55 criticism while pushing performance boundaries further. Developed alongside the race-proven S58 GT3 engine, this powerplant benefits from motorsport technology transfer. For those considering the lengthy process of ordering a new M4, understanding the S58’s superiority helps justify the wait.

Advanced Engineering Specifications:

System	S58 Innovation	Improvement Over S55
Displacement	2,993cc	14cc larger
Compression	9.3:1	Lower for more boost headroom
Turbochargers	Twin single-scroll	Larger, more efficient
Internals	Fully forged	Much stronger than S55
Cylinder Head	3D-printed core	Better cooling channels
Oil System	Map-controlled pump	Variable pressure
Cooling	Split-circuit design	Independent temps
Crank Hub	One-piece design	Eliminates S55 failure point

Model-Specific Power Outputs

The 2025 BMW M4 lineup demonstrates the S58’s versatility through multiple power configurations^[3]. Recent updates have pushed power even higher, with Competition xDrive models gaining 20 horsepower for the 2025 model year.

Real-World Owner Experience:

“After 18 months and 25,000 miles in my G82 M4 Competition, the S58 hasn’t missed a beat. Oil consumption is minimal – maybe half a quart between 10,000-mile changes. The engine feels stronger now than when new, and independent dyno runs show 591 hp at the crank versus BMW’s claimed 503.” – BMW M4 owner from California

Performance Characteristics by Model:

• M4 Manual: Purist’s choice with mechanical connection, no rev-matching
• M4 Competition RWD: Sweet spot of power and dynamics for most buyers
• M4 Competition xDrive (2025): Adds traction without sacrificing fun (2WD mode available)
• M4 CS (2025): Track-focused with adaptive suspension, limited production
• M4 CSL (2022): Ultimate lightweight version, 240 pounds lighter than Competition

Transmission Options

Modern M4s offer sophisticated drivetrain choices that dramatically affect the driving experience and performance potential. Understanding these options helps buyers choose the right configuration for their driving style.

Transmission Type	Available Models	Key Features	0-60 Impact
6-Speed Manual	Base M4 only	No auto rev-match, heavy clutch	+0.3 seconds
8-Speed M Steptronic	All automatic models	Launch control, 150ms shifts	Baseline
M xDrive AWD	Competition/CS	10-step traction control, drift mode	-0.4 seconds

S55 vs S58 Engine Comparison

Key Technical Differences

The evolution from S55 to S58 addresses virtually every weakness identified through years of owner feedback and racing development. BMW M engineers essentially started fresh while retaining the successful elements of the S55 architecture. When examining other BMW performance models, the S58’s superiority becomes even more apparent.

Engineering Evolution Analysis:

Component	S55 Design	S58 Upgrade	Real-World Impact
Compression Ratio	10.2:1	9.3:1	+3.5 psi boost capacity
Turbochargers	Mono-scroll	Single-scroll	Better top-end power
Connecting Rods	Cast aluminum	Forged steel	800+ hp capability
Crank Hub	Two-piece pressed	One-piece integrated	Eliminates $5,000 failure
Oil System	Traditional	Variable pressure	Better bearing life
Cooling	Single circuit	Split circuit	20°F lower temps
Injectors	200 bar	350 bar	Cleaner combustion

Performance Comparison

Real-world testing reveals interesting differences between generations, with each engine excelling in different areas^[4]. The S55’s lighter rotating assembly provides marginally quicker throttle response, while the S58’s larger turbos deliver devastating mid-range punch.

Dyno-Verified Performance Metrics:

Performance Aspect	S55 Achievement	S58 Achievement
Stock Wheel HP	380-450 whp	450-550 whp
Tuning Record	1,150 whp (Pure Turbo)	1,049 whp (so far)
Peak Torque RPM	1,850-5,500	2,650-5,950
Turbo Lag	0.3 seconds	0.4 seconds
Rev Limit	7,600 rpm	7,200 rpm
Sound Quality	Raspy, metallic	Deeper, smoother
Fuel on E85	+15% power	+18% power

Reliability Improvements

The S58 benefits from lessons learned through 250,000+ S55 engines in service worldwide. BMW addressed every documented weakness, resulting in an engine that rivals Japanese reliability while delivering supercar performance. Understanding typical mileage expectations helps set realistic ownership goals.

Reliability Enhancement Details:

S55 Common Issues (Resolved in S58):

• Crank Hub Failure ($3,000-5,000 repair): S58 uses integrated design
• Valve Cover Gasket ($800 at 60k miles): S58 uses improved material
• Charge Pipe Cracks ($500): S58 has reinforced design
• Rod Bearing Wear (at 100k+ miles): S58 has upgraded bearings

S58 Improvements Verified by Owners:

• Zero crank hub failures reported through 2025
• Oil consumption under 0.5 quarts per 10,000 miles
• Coolant temps 15-20°F lower under same conditions
• Timing chain guides rated for 200,000+ miles

BMW M TwinPower Turbo Technology

Engine Design Features

BMW’s M TwinPower Turbo represents the convergence of racing technology and street reliability. This system combines multiple innovations that work synergistically to deliver naturally aspirated responsiveness with forced induction power. The technology shares DNA with BMW’s LMDh race program, validating its engineering excellence.

Core Technology Integration:

Technology	Function	Performance Benefit
Closed-Deck Block	Maximum cylinder rigidity	Handles 30+ psi boost
Arc-Wire Coating	Replaces iron sleeves	17 lbs weight saving
Direct Injection	350 bar precision fueling	Optimal combustion
Double-VANOS	Variable cam timing	Broader powerband
Valvetronic	Variable valve lift	Throttle-free operation
Integrated Manifolds	Turbo heat management	Faster light-off

Turbocharger System

The turbocharging strategy differs significantly between engine generations, with each approach optimized for specific performance characteristics. Independent testing confirms BMW’s boost control sophistication rivals Formula 1 technology^[5].

Turbocharger Specifications & Strategy:

Component	S55 Twin-Mono	S58 Twin-Single	Track Performance
Configuration	Parallel mono-scroll	Parallel single-scroll	N/A
Peak Boost	18.1 psi (25 psi tuned)	21.6 psi (30+ psi tuned)	Sustained without fade
Intercooler	Front-mount air-to-air	25% larger core	50°F cooler IATs
Wastegate	Pneumatic actuator	Electronic control	Precise boost control
Spool Time	1,850 rpm full boost	2,200 rpm full boost	Minimal lag
Efficiency	68% peak	74% peak	Less heat generation

Performance Technologies

Advanced engine management systems orchestrate dozens of parameters thousands of times per second, creating seamless power delivery that adapts to conditions and driver demands. The latest DME (Digital Motor Electronics) processes more data than early space shuttles.

Integrated Performance Systems Deep Dive:

VANOS (Variable Nockenwellen Steuerung):

• Continuously adjusts intake/exhaust cam timing
• 70-degree adjustment range
• Optimizes torque curve and emissions
• Oil-pressure actuated for reliability

Valvetronic Advantages:

• Eliminates traditional throttle body
• Reduces pumping losses by 10%
• Improves fuel economy 12%
• Enables cylinder deactivation potential

Cooling System Innovation:

• Main circuit: Engine block at 221°F optimal
• Secondary circuit: Cylinder head at 190°F
• Tertiary circuit: Charge air cooling
• Electric water pump: Continues cooling after shutdown

Real-World Performance & Driving Experience

Acceleration Benchmarks

Independent testing consistently reveals BMW sandbagging performance figures^[6]. Autvex analysis of owner-submitted timeslips shows repeatability that embarrasses some supercars costing twice as much. These engines deliver their power with German consistency regardless of conditions.

Verified Performance Data (Multiple Sources):

Model	0-60 mph	1/4 Mile	Top Speed	60-130 mph
M4 Manual	4.1 sec (3.9 actual)	12.4 @ 116 mph	155 mph*	11.2 sec
M4 Competition	3.8 sec (3.6 actual)	11.9 @ 121 mph	155 mph*	9.8 sec
M4 Comp xDrive	3.4 sec (3.2 actual)	11.5 @ 124 mph	155 mph*	8.9 sec
M4 CS	3.2 sec (3.0 actual)	10.7 @ 128 mph	188 mph	8.2 sec
M4 CSL	3.6 sec (3.4 actual)	10.9 @ 127 mph	191 mph	8.5 sec

Electronically limited (removed with M Driver’s Package: $2,500)

Real Owner Track Experience:

“Took my 2025 M4 Competition xDrive to Road America for a track day. After 8 consecutive 20-minute sessions, the S58 never went into limp mode or pulled timing. Oil temps peaked at 280°F, coolant stayed under 230°F. Try that in a C63 AMG – it’ll overheat after two laps.” – Track enthusiast from Wisconsin

Fuel Economy Ratings

Despite supercar-embarrassing performance, modern M4s deliver reasonable efficiency when driven conservatively. The S58’s efficiency improvements over the S55 save approximately $400 annually in fuel costs for average drivers.

EPA Ratings vs Real-World Economy:

Driving Type	EPA Rating	Owner Reported	Annual Fuel Cost*
City	16 mpg	14-15 mpg	$2,800
Highway	23 mpg	25-28 mpg	$1,950
Combined	19 mpg	18-20 mpg	$2,375
Track Day	N/A	6-8 mpg	$200/day
Eco Pro Mode	N/A	30+ mpg	Possible but pointless

*Based on 12,000 miles/year at $3.75/gallon premium

Engine Sound Characteristics

The emotional connection between driver and engine remains crucial for M cars, though methods have evolved from pure mechanical symphony to engineered soundscapes. The transition from naturally aspirated to turbocharged has been controversial but ultimately successful.

Sound Engineering Analysis:

Natural Sound Components:

• Inline-six fundamental frequency: Smooth, melodic
• Turbo whistle: Subtle at 2,500-4,000 rpm
• Wastegate flutter: Distinctive on throttle lift
• Exhaust burbles: Programmed in Sport+ mode

Active Sound Design (ASD):

• Supplements engine sound through speakers
• Can be coded out via OBD tool
• Different profiles for Comfort/Sport/Sport+
• Many owners prefer it disabled

Popular Exhaust Modifications:

• Akrapovic Evolution: $4,500, +8 hp, titanium
• Eisenmann Race: $3,200, aggressive sound
• AWE Tuning Track: $3,800, switchable modes
• Straight pipes: Don’t – sounds terrible on S55/S58

Common Engine Questions & Issues

Maintenance Requirements

Proper maintenance proves critical for longevity, with BMW’s recommended intervals representing minimum standards. Following an aggressive maintenance schedule pays dividends in reliability and resale value. Professional shops charge differently based on location, but compared to Audi RS models, M4 maintenance proves surprisingly reasonable.

Comprehensive Maintenance Schedule & Costs:

Service Item	BMW Interval	Enthusiast Interval	DIY Cost	Shop Cost
Oil Change	10,000 mi/1 yr	5,000 mi/6 mo	$95	$185-250
Oil Filter	With oil	With oil	Included	Included
Air Filters (2)	30,000 mi	15,000 mi	$80	$150
Spark Plugs	40,000 mi	30,000 mi	$120	$450
Coolant Flush	60,000 mi	40,000 mi	$60	$300
Trans Service	60,000 mi	40,000 mi	$200	$650
Diff Service	60,000 mi	30,000 mi	$100	$250
Brake Fluid	2 years	1 year/track	$40	$150

Money-Saving Maintenance Tips:

• Buy oil in bulk: Liqui Moly 0W-30 by the case saves 40%
• Learn basic services: Oil changes take 30 minutes
• Join BMW CCA for parts discounts: 15-20% off
• Find independent BMW specialist: 30-50% cheaper than dealer

Known Issues & Solutions

While generally reliable, both engines have documented concerns that informed owners should monitor^[7]. Early detection and prevention cost far less than reactive repairs.

S55 Issues, Solutions & Prevention:

Issue	Symptoms	Prevention	Repair Cost
Crank Hub	Timing errors, rough idle	Aftermarket lock kit @ 50k	$5,000 engine out
Valve Cover	Oil smell, slight leak	Replace @ 60k preventively	$800-1,200
Charge Pipes	Boost leak, limp mode	Upgrade to aluminum	$500-700
Injectors	Misfires, rough running	Walnut blast @ 40k	$1,500 set
Turbos	Wastegate rattle	Normal, not harmful	$4,000 if failed

S58 Reported Concerns (Through 2025):

Issue	Frequency	Severity	Solution
Rod Bearings	Rare (early recall)	Critical if occurs	Covered under warranty
Oil Consumption	5% of engines	Minor inconvenience	Top off quarterly
Injector Tick	Common cold start	Cosmetic only	Normal operation
VANOS Solenoid	<1% failure rate	Check engine light	$400 replacement

Tuning & Modification Potential

Both engines respond exceptionally well to modifications, with robust internals capable of handling significant power increases safely. The aftermarket support rivals that of Japanese tuner cars, with solutions for every budget and goal.

Proven Tuning Paths & Results:

Modification Stage	Components	Power Gain	Investment	Reliability Impact
Stage 1	ECU tune only	+70-100 whp	$500-700	None if quality tune
Stage 2	Tune + downpipes	+120-150 whp	$2,000	Minimal
Stage 2+	Add intakes, intercooler	+150-180 whp	$4,000	Stock-like if done right
Full Bolt-On	Everything breathing	+200-250 whp	$8,000	Need clutch upgrade
Big Turbo	Upgrade turbos	+300-400 whp	$15,000	Requires built trans
Built Motor	Forged everything	1,000+ whp	$30,000+	Weekend car only

E85 Conversion Benefits:

• Additional 50-75 whp over 93 octane
• Cooler combustion temps
• Costs $800 for flex-fuel sensor
• 30% worse fuel economy
• Not available in all states

Buying Considerations & Model Selection

Which Engine Version to Choose

Selecting between S55 and S58-powered M4s involves balancing budget, intended use, and long-term ownership plans. The used market offers compelling values, while new cars provide latest technology and warranty peace of mind. Consider checking BMW’s broader lineup for alternative options if the M4 proves too extreme.

Decision Matrix for Buyers:

Factor	S55 (F82/F83)	S58 (G82/G83)	Winner
Purchase Price	$45,000-75,000	$75,000-130,000	S55
Reliability	Good with maintenance	Excellent	S58
Power Delivery	Linear, rev-happy	Torque monster	Tie
Technology	Last-gen but proven	Latest features	S58
Sound	Polarizing	Better but synthetic	S55
Tuning Cost	Established, cheaper	Newer, pricier	S55
Looks	Subtle aggression	Bold, controversial	Personal
Depreciation	Stabilizing	Still dropping	S55

Buyer Profile Recommendations:

• Track Enthusiast: M4 CS or CSL for ultimate performance
• Daily Driver: M4 Competition xDrive for all-weather capability
• Purist: Manual base M4 for maximum engagement
• Value Seeker: Late F82 Competition with warranty
• Tech Lover: 2025+ for latest infotainment and safety

Cost of Ownership

Understanding complete ownership costs prevents budget surprises and helps justify the purchase to skeptical spouses. BMW M4 ownership costs align with competitors but exceed mainstream sports cars significantly.

Detailed Annual Ownership Analysis:

Expense Category	Year 1-3	Year 4-6	Year 7+	Notes
Insurance	$3,200	$2,800	$2,400	Varies by state/age
Fuel	$2,800	$2,800	$2,800	12k miles @ 19 mpg
Maintenance	$1,000	$2,000	$3,500	Increases with age
Tires	$0	$1,800	$1,800	Every 15-20k miles
Registration	$800	$650	$500	Decreases with value
Depreciation	$12,000	$8,000	$5,000	Biggest expense
Modifications	$2,000*	$1,000*	$500*	*Optional but likely
Track Days	$2,000*	$2,000*	$2,000*	*If applicable
Total Annual	$23,800	$21,050	$18,500	~$60/day to own

Hidden Costs Often Overlooked:

• Carbon ceramic brakes: $8,000 replacement
• Cracked wheels: $1,500 each (common on CS)
• Paint protection film: $2,500 (recommended)
• Excess wear on lease: $0.25/mile over
• Speeding tickets: Inevitable with 500+ hp

Competitor Comparison

The M4 faces formidable competition in the high-performance coupe segment, each offering unique advantages. Cross-shopping reveals the M4’s balanced approach to performance, luxury, and daily usability stands out.

Comprehensive Competitor Analysis:

Competitor	Engine	Power	Base Price	0-60 mph	Pros	Cons
Mercedes-AMG C63 S	4.0L V8 TT	503 hp	$83,900	3.7 sec	V8 soundtrack, prestige	Heavier, discontinued
Alfa Romeo Giulia QV	2.9L V6 TT	505 hp	$81,855	3.8 sec	Italian character, unique	Reliability reputation
Cadillac CT4-V Blackwing	3.6L V6 TT	472 hp	$61,090	3.9 sec	Value champion, manual	Interior quality
Audi RS5	2.9L V6 TT	444 hp	$77,900	3.7 sec	AWD standard, refined	Less engaging
Lexus RC F	5.0L V8 NA	472 hp	$68,625	4.2 sec	Reliability, V8 sound	Dated tech, heavy
Porsche 718 Cayman GTS	4.0L F6 NA	394 hp	$92,550	3.9 sec	Handling supreme	Less practical

Why M4 Wins (According to Owners):

• Best combination of performance and daily usability
• Superior modification potential and aftermarket support
• Stronger resale value than most competitors
• BMW’s extensive dealer and service network
• Track capability without sacrificing comfort

Key Takeaways

1. All BMW M4s use twin-turbo inline-six engines – S55 (2014-2020) produces 425-493 hp while S58 (2021+) delivers 473-543 hp
2. BMW significantly underrates power – Independent dyno testing shows 40-60 hp more than advertised
3. The S58 fixes every S55 weakness – Stronger internals, better cooling, and eliminated crank hub issues
4. Maintenance costs are reasonable – Budget $2,000-3,000 annually for proper upkeep after warranty
5. Tuning potential is exceptional – Both engines safely handle 600+ whp with basic modifications
6. Real-world fuel economy beats EPA – Highway cruising can achieve 28+ mpg despite the performance
7. Choose your configuration wisely – Manual for engagement, xDrive for weather, CS/CSL for track focus

FAQs

References

1. AutoTopNL. (2024). BMW M4 CS Real World Performance Test. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kl9cvSyn9z4
2. Bosch Mobility Solutions. (2016). Water Injection Technology for Performance Engines. https://www.bosch-presse.de/pressportal/zip?country=us&language=en&docId=695
3. Car and Driver. (2024). 2025 BMW M4 Review, Pricing, and Specs. https://www.caranddriver.com/bmw/m4
4. R44 Performance. (2024). BMW S58 Dyno Testing and Analysis. https://r44performance.com/blogs/r44-central/how-we-built-a-1000-bhp-bmw-g80-m3
5. BMW M GmbH. (2023). M TwinPower Turbo Technology Documentation. https://www.bmw-m.com/en/topics/magazine-article-pool/bmw-m3-m4-motordetails.html
6. Edmunds. (2025). 2025 BMW M4 Track Test Results. https://www.edmunds.com/car-news/2025-bmw-m4-track-tested.html
7. BimmerPost Forums. (2025). S55 and S58 Long-Term Reliability Thread. https://g80.bimmerpost.com/forums/showthread.php?t=1810104